超聲波清洗機(jī)有很多廠家和型號(hào)，但其主要功能是完成各種物體的清洗，其清洗效果得到了廣大用戶的廣泛認(rèn)可。在許多工業(yè)制造商中，他們正面臨著這樣一個(gè)困難的問題。在脫油、除銹、水洗、表面調(diào)整、磷化等過程中，滲透到焊縫內(nèi)的液體很難排出，水洗不能清除。

Ultrasonic cleaning machine has many manufacturers and models, but its main function is to complete the cleaning of various objects, and its cleaning effect has been widely recognized by the majority of users. Among many industrial manufacturers, they are facing such a difficult problem. In the process of deoiling, derusting, water washing, surface adjustment and phosphating, the liquid penetrating into the weld is difficult to be discharged and cannot be removed by water washing.

在濕熱條件下，夾雜物容易使工件變黃、生銹。如果這些殘余液體在干燥過程中不能完全干燥固體，那么高溫干燥的粉末噴霧會(huì)由于熱膨脹而使殘余液體從焊縫中滲出，影響涂層與金屬表面的結(jié)合，導(dǎo)致涂層的附著力降低甚至脫落。

In hot and humid conditions, inclusions are easy to make the workpiece yellow and rust. If these residual liquids can not completely dry solids in the drying process, the high temperature dry powder spray will cause residual liquid to seep from the weld seam due to thermal expansion, which will affect the adhesion of the coating to the metal surface, resulting in the decrease or even drop of the adhesion of the coating.

為解決這一問題，一般廠家采用高壓噴霧多次清洗，或改變干燥工藝，提高干燥溫度，解決焊縫中殘留的液體，這些方法不僅造成水資源和能源的浪費(fèi)，而且破壞磷化膜，降低磷化膜的耐蝕性，效果不理想。超聲波清洗利用超聲波"全孔"和"空化"的特點(diǎn)，能迅速地去除焊縫中的殘留液體和日曬，滿足后續(xù)加工的質(zhì)量要求。

In order to solve this problem, the general manufacturers adopt high pressure spray multiple cleaning, or change the drying process, improve the drying temperature, and solve the residual liquid in the weld. These methods not only cause the waste of water and energy, but also destroy the phosphating film and reduce the corrosion resistance of the phosphating film, and the effect is not satisfactory. Ultrasonic cleaning uses the characteristics of ultrasonic "full hole" and "cavitation", which can quickly remove the residual liquid and sunlight in the weld, and meet the quality requirements of subsequent processing.

超聲除銹和沖洗的效果取決于空化，空化的產(chǎn)生與超聲強(qiáng)度有關(guān)。通常在超聲波功率為0.3/cm2的水溶性介質(zhì)中會(huì)出現(xiàn)空化現(xiàn)象，在一定范圍內(nèi)，超聲強(qiáng)度越大，空化效應(yīng)越明顯，一般選用1~1.2w/cm2作為清洗的功率密度。

The effect of ultrasonic derusting and washing depends on cavitation, which is related to ultrasonic intensity. Generally, cavitation occurs in water-soluble media with ultrasonic power of 0.3/cm2. Within a certain range, the larger the ultrasonic intensity is, the more obvious the cavitation effect is. Generally, 1 ~ 1.2w/cm2 is selected as the power density for cleaning.

超聲波振動(dòng)頻率對(duì)清洗效果有很大影響，在相同功率下，低頻容易激發(fā)空化，即16~25 khz空化效果好，16~20 kHz低頻適用于油污嚴(yán)重、銹蝕嚴(yán)重的大中型機(jī)械零件，26 khz適用于一些表面清潔度高、盲孔和鋼絲孔的零件。

The frequency of ultrasonic vibration has a great influence on the cleaning effect. Under the same power, the low frequency is easy to stimulate cavitation, that is, the cavitation effect is good at 16 ~ 25 kHz. The low frequency of 16 ~ 20 kHz is suitable for large and medium-sized mechanical parts with serious oil pollution and corrosion. The low frequency of 26 kHz is suitable for some parts with high surface cleanliness, blind holes and steel wire holes.

超聲波清洗溫度是影響清洗速度的重要因素，適當(dāng)提高清洗溫度可以提高空化能力，縮短清洗時(shí)間，但超過一定溫度時(shí)，由于蒸汽壓力的升高，須保持一定的溫度，結(jié)果表明，水溶性介質(zhì)在50℃±5時(shí)效果好。

Ultrasonic cleaning temperature is an important factor affecting the cleaning speed. Properly increasing the cleaning temperature can improve the cavitation capacity and shorten the cleaning time. However, when the temperature exceeds a certain value, a certain temperature must be maintained due to the increase of steam pressure. The results show that the effect of water-soluble medium is good at 50 ℃± 5.